知识点总结与练习题
核心思路 (Core Approach):使用标准化公式 Z = (X - μ)/σ 将问题转化为标准正态分布问题
| 问题类型 / Problem Type | 已知条件 / Given Conditions | 求解目标 / Target | 所需信息 / Required Information |
|---|---|---|---|
| 类型1 / Type 1 | σ已知 / σ known | 求μ / Find μ | 1个概率条件 / 1 probability condition |
| 类型2 / Type 2 | μ已知 / μ known | 求σ / Find σ | 1个概率条件 / 1 probability condition |
| 类型3 / Type 3 | μ和σ都未知 / Both μ and σ unknown | 求μ和σ / Find μ and σ | 2个独立概率条件 / 2 independent probability conditions |
标准步骤 (Standard Steps):
标准步骤 (Standard Steps):
标准步骤 (Standard Steps):
题目:随机变量X ~ N(μ, 3²),已知P(X > 20) = 0.20,求μ的值。
Problem: Random variable X ~ N(μ, 3²), given P(X > 20) = 0.20, find the value of μ.
解题步骤:
题目:机器制造的金属板宽度X ~ N(50, σ²),已知P(X < 46) = 0.2119,求σ的值。
Problem: A machine makes metal sheets with width X ~ N(50, σ²), given P(X < 46) = 0.2119, find the value of σ.
解题步骤:
题目:随机变量X ~ N(μ, σ²),已知P(X > 35) = 0.025 和 P(X < 15) = 0.1469,求μ和σ的值。
Problem: Random variable X ~ N(μ, σ²), given P(X > 35) = 0.025 and P(X < 15) = 0.1469, find the values of μ and σ.
解题步骤:
随机变量X ~ N(μ, 5²),已知P(X < 18) = 0.9032,求μ的值。
Random variable X ~ N(μ, 5²), given P(X < 18) = 0.9032, find the value of μ.
答题区域:
随机变量X ~ N(11, σ²),已知P(X > 20) = 0.01,求σ的值。
Random variable X ~ N(11, σ²), given P(X > 20) = 0.01, find the value of σ.
答题区域:
随机变量X ~ N(μ, σ²),已知P(X > 15) = 0.20 和 P(X < 9) = 0.20,求μ和σ的值。
Random variable X ~ N(μ, σ²), given P(X > 15) = 0.20 and P(X < 9) = 0.20, find the values of μ and σ.
答题区域:
随机变量X ~ N(μ, σ²),X的下四分位数是25,上四分位数是45,求μ和σ的值。
Random variable X ~ N(μ, σ²), the lower quartile of X is 25 and the upper quartile is 45, find the values of μ and σ.
答题区域:
一个质量控制工程师需要确定产品的合格标准。如果产品的某个指标服从正态分布N(μ, σ²),且要求95%的产品合格,求合格标准的上限(假设μ = 50)。
A quality control engineer needs to determine product qualification standards. If a certain indicator of the product follows a normal distribution N(μ, σ²) and 95% of products need to be qualified, find the upper limit of the qualification standard (assuming μ = 50).
答题区域:
解题步骤:
解题步骤:
解题步骤:
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解题步骤: